Mushrooms might shape the future of sustainable materials. Scientists at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) have developed a biodegradable, plastic-like substance made from mushroom roots—or more specifically, mycelium, the dense root network that supports fungi. They recently published their findings in the scientific journal Advanced Materials.

Using the split-gill mushroom (Schizophyllum commune), researchers extracted fibers from its mycelium and processed them into a liquid while preserving its living, biological properties, as reported by Vice. They are calling the result “living fiber dispersions,” or LFDs, an organic material that can take on various forms.

Unlike other biomaterials that rely on processed fungal cells, LFDs use the mushroom’s entire extracellular matrix. That’s the part fungi use to maintain their structure and carry out essential functions.

“The fungus uses this extracellular matrix to give itself structure and other functional properties,” said Empa materials scientist Ashutosh Sinha, as quoted by ScienceAlert. “Why shouldn’t we do the same?”

LFDs stand out as natural emulsifiers—materials that help blend ingredients that typically resist mixing, like oil and water. That makes them useful for industries like food, cosmetics, and skincare, where emulsifiers are found in everything from salad dressing to foundation. What’s more, because the LFD remains alive, it continues releasing useful molecules over time.

“This is probably the only type of emulsion that becomes more stable over time,” Sinha said.

Once dried, LFD can be turned into ultra-thin, durable sheets—similar to plastic, but biodegradable and compostable. Researchers say it could replace plastics in common household items like reusable grocery bags. And yes, it’s edible, too—making it safe for food packaging and other consumer-facing applications.

“Biodegradable materials always react to their environment,” Empa scientist Gustav Nyström explained. “We want to find applications where this interaction is not a hindrance but maybe even an advantage.”

Looking ahead, the Empa team envisions engineering LFDs with even more functionality, like materials that self-heal, change shape, or adapt to their surroundings. The goal is to create “on-demand” materials that could revolutionize manufacturing, packaging, and even fashion. As climate concerns and plastic pollution rise, innovations like LFD show how nature can offer unexpected answers.